In land navigation, what does "grid north" refer to?

"Grid north" refers to the direction of the north meridian on a map, which is established based on the grid system used in map-making. It provides a consistent frame of reference for navigation, allowing users to orient themselves and plot their routes accurately. Grid north is essential for understanding how to read a map effectively because it helps in the alignment of various features and coordinates on the map with the real-world environment.

The other options do not accurately define grid north. The position of the north star relates to celestial navigation rather than land navigation, the direction of the north wind concerns meteorological patterns rather than navigation, and the alignment of magnetic north refers to the Earth's magnetic field, which can vary from grid north. Hence, understanding that grid north is specifically tied to the grid structure on maps clarifies its fundamental role in navigation.